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Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye): Causes, Care and When to See a Doctor
Red, sticky or itchy eyes? Learn the difference between viral, bacterial and allergic conjunctivitis, how to care for it at home and when to get checked.
Quick answer
Conjunctivitis is inflammation of the thin layer covering the white of the eye, causing redness, watering, itching or a sticky discharge. It is usually caused by a virus, bacteria or an allergy, and often clears within one to two weeks. Clean the eyes with cooled boiled water and avoid contact lenses. See a doctor urgently for eye pain, sensitivity to light, blurred vision or a very red eye.
Conjunctivitis is common in children and adults. It often spreads in schools and families, and allergic conjunctivitis is common in dusty weather.
Types and symptoms
| Type | Typical signs |
|---|---|
| Viral | Watery, red eye, often with a cold; usually starts in one eye then spreads |
| Bacterial | Sticky yellow or green discharge; eyelids stuck together in the morning |
| Allergic | Itchy, watery eyes in both eyes, often with sneezing |
Home care
- Clean away discharge with cotton pads soaked in cooled boiled water, using a fresh pad for each eye.
- Use a cool compress to soothe itching.
- Stop wearing contact lenses until the eye is fully better.
- Don't share towels or pillows.
- Wash your hands after touching your eyes.
Treatment
- Viral: clears on its own; there is no antibiotic treatment.
- Bacterial: often clears on its own; antibiotic drops may be advised if it is severe or not improving.
- Allergic: antihistamine eye drops or tablets, and avoiding triggers.
When to see a doctor urgently
- Eye pain (not just grittiness)
- Sensitivity to light
- Changes in vision
- A very red eye
- A newborn baby with red, sticky eyes
- Symptoms after a chemical splash or injury to the eye
See a GP if
- Symptoms have not improved after two weeks
- You wear contact lenses and have a red eye
- You have a weakened immune system
Frequently asked questions
Does my child need to stay home from school?
Policies vary by school. Good hand hygiene is the most important way to stop spread. Check your school's guidance.
Can I use leftover eye drops at home?
No. Old or someone else's drops may be contaminated or unsuitable.
